Physical Significance:
The physical significance of Maxwell's equations obtained from integral form are given below:
Maxwell's First Equation:
1. The total electric displacement through the surface enclosing a volume is equal to the total charge within the volume.
2. It represents Gauss Law.
3. This law is independent of time.
Charge acts as source or sink for the lines of electric force.
Maxwell's Second Equation:
1. The total magnetic flux emitting through any closed surface is zero. An isolated magnet do not exist monopoles.
2. There is no source or sink for lines of magnetic force.
3. This is time independent equation.
Maxwell's Third Equation:
1. The electromotive force around the closed path is equal to the time derivative of the magnetic displacement through any surface bounded by the path.
2. This gives relation between electric field $E$ and magnetic induction $B$.
3. This expression is time varying i.e. $E$ is generated by time variation of $B$.
4.This gives relation in variation of E with the time variation of $B$ or $H$.
5. This is a mathematical form of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction or Lenz's
Law.
Maxwell's Fourth Equation:
1. The magneto-motive force around the closed path is equal to the conduction current
plus displacement current through any surface bounded by the path.
2. This is time dependent wave equation.
3 This is a mathematical form of Ampere circuital law.
4. Magnetic induction $B$ can be generated from $J$ and time variation of magnetic displacement $D$.
5. This relates the space variation of $B$ with time variation of $D$.
Angle of Acceptance → If incident angle of light on the core for which the incident angle on the core-cladding interface equals the critical angle then incident angle of light on the core is called the "Angle of Acceptance. Transmission of light when the incident angle is equal to the acceptance angle If the incident angle is greater than the acceptance angle i.e. $\theta_{i}>\theta_{0}$ then the angle of incidence on the core-cladding interface will be less than the critical angle due to which part of the incident light is transmitted into cladding as shown in the figure below Transmission of light when the incident angle is greater than the acceptance angle If the incident angle is less than the acceptance angle i.e. $\theta_{i}<\theta_{0}$ then the angle of incidence on the core-cladding interface will be greater than the critical angle for which total internal reflection takes place inside the core. As shown in the figure below Transmission of lig
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