Relation between group velocity and phase velocity ~ Physics Vidyapith ✍️

We know that phase velocity

$V_{p}=\frac{\omega }{k}$

$\omega =V_{p}.k \qquad(1)$

And group velocity

$V_{g}=\frac{d\omega}{dk} \qquad(2)$

Substitute the value of $\omega$ from equation$(1)$ in equation $(2)$

$V_{g}=\frac{d}{dk}(V_{p}.k)$

$V_{g}=V_{p}+k.\frac{dV_{p}}{dk}$

$V_{p}=V_{p}+k.\frac{dV_{p}}{d\lambda}.\frac{d\lambda }{dk} \qquad (3)$

But

$\lambda=\frac{2\pi }{k}$

The above equation can be obtain from following formula i.e. $k=\frac{2\pi}{\lambda }$

Now put the value of $\lambda$ in equation $(3)$

$V_{g}=V_{p}+k\frac{dV_{p}}{d\lambda}\frac{d}{dk}(\frac{2\pi }{k}$

$V_{g}=V_{p}+k\frac{dV_{p}}{d\lambda}(\frac{-2\pi }{k^{2}}$

$V_{g}=V_{p}-\frac{2\pi}{k}\frac{dV_{p}}{d\lambda }$

$V_{g}=V_{p}-\lambda\frac{dV_{p}}{d\lambda }$

Thus, the above equation represents the relation between group velocity and phase velocity.

Physics Vidyapith ✍️