Resolving Power of Optical Instrument | Rayleigh Criterion of Resolution

Resolving power of an optical instrument:

The ability of an optical instrument to just resolve the images of two closely spaced objects is called its resolving power.

Limit of Resolution:

The smallest distance between two closely spaced objects that can be seen as separated or just separated from each other through an optical instrument is known as the limit of resolution of that optical instrument.

Rayleigh Criterion:

Rayleigh criterion describes the separation between the two objects or wavelengths (i.e. resolving power) by the resultant intensity distribution of objects and wavelengths. According to Rayleigh's criterion, there are the following cases:

Case:1 If two point sources have very small angular separation, then central or principal maxima in their diffraction patterns will overlap to a large extent and resultant intensity shows uniform variation. As shown in the figure below. In this case, the two objects or wavelengths can not be distinguished or unresolved.
Rayleigh Criterion of Resolution Case I

Case:2 If two point sources have very large angular separation then the central or principal maxima are widely separated and the resultant intensity shows two widely separated peaks. As shown in the figure below. In this case, the objects or wavelengths are resolved well.
Rayleigh Criterion of Resolution Case II

Case:3 If the central or principal maxima in the diffraction pattern of one object or wavelength coincide with the first minima in the diffraction pattern of the other objects or wavelength then the resultant intensity shows a small dip. As shown in the figure below. In this case, the objects or wavelengths are seen to be just separate or just resolved.
Rayleigh Criterion of Resolution Case III

Popular Posts

Study-Material













  • Classical world and Quantum world

  • Inadequacy of classical mechanics

  • Drawbacks of Old Quantum Theory

  • Bohr's Quantization Condition

  • Energy distribution spectrum of black body radiation

  • Energy distribution laws of black body radiation

  • The Compton Effect | Experiment Setup | Theory | Theoretical Expression | Limitation | Recoil Electron

  • Davisson and Germer's Experiment and Verification of the de-Broglie Relation

  • Significance of Compton's Effect

  • Assumptions of Planck’s Radiation Law

  • Derivation of Planck's Radiation Law

  • de-Broglie Concept of Matter wave

  • Definition and derivation of the phase velocity and group velocity of wave

  • Relation between group velocity and phase velocity ($V_{g}=V_{p}-\lambda \frac{dV_{p}}{d\lambda }$)

  • Group velocity is equal to particle velocity($V_{g}=v$)

  • Product of phase velocity and group velocity is equal to square of speed of light ($V_{p}.V_{g}=c^{2}$)

  • Heisenberg uncertainty principle

  • Generation of wave function for a free particle

  • Physical interpretation of the wave function

  • Derivation of time dependent Schrodinger wave equation

  • Derivation of time independent Schrodinger wave equation

  • Eigen Function, Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors

  • Postulate of wave mechanics or Quantum Mechanics

  • Quantum Mechanical Operators

  • Normalized and Orthogonal wave function

  • Particle in one dimensional box (Infinite Potential Well)

  • Minimum Energy Or Zero Point Energy of a Particle in an one dimensional potential box or Infinite Well

  • Normalization of the wave function of a particle in one dimension box or infinite potential well

  • Orthogonality of the wave functions of a particle in one dimension box or infinite potential well

  • Eigen value of the momentum of a particle in one dimension box or infinite potential well

  • Schrodinger's equation for the complex conjugate waves function

  • Probability Current Density for a free particle in Quantum Mechanics

  • Ehrenfest's Theorem and Derivation

  • Momentum wave function for a free particle

  • Wave function of a particle in free state

  • One dimensional Step Potential Barrier for a Particle

























  • Blog Archive